Software Testing: Questions: Playwright with java

Here's a carefully curated list of possible Playwright + Java interview questions, including:

✅ Core Java (OOPs, exceptions, etc.)
✅ Playwright automation
✅ TestNG framework
✅ BDD with Cucumber
✅ Bonus: Code snippets, concepts, and real-life scenarios

Let’s go! 🔥

🚀 Playwright + Java Automation – Interview Q&A

1. What is Playwright and how is it different from Selenium?

✅ Answer: Playwright is a modern automation library for web apps that supports multiple languages (Java, JavaScript, Python, etc.).
It supports:

Multiple browsers (Chromium, Firefox, WebKit)
Auto-waiting
Headless/headful mode
Native support for iframes, tabs, and download uploads
Built-in screenshot/video capabilities

📌 Unlike Selenium:

Playwright is faster and more reliable due to auto-waiting
Has native support for modern UI elements and multiple tabs

2. How do you launch a browser and open a page in Playwright Java?

✅ Code Example:

Playwright playwright = Playwright.create();
Browser browser = playwright.chromium().launch(new BrowserType.LaunchOptions().setHeadless(false));
Page page = browser.newPage();
page.navigate("https://example.com");

3. How do you locate elements in Playwright Java?

✅ Answer:

page.locator("css selector")
page.getByText("Login")
page.getByRole(…)

📌 Example:

Locator loginBtn = page.locator("#login-button");
loginBtn.click();

4. How do you handle dropdowns in Playwright?

page.selectOption("#dropdown-id", new SelectOption().setLabel("Option 1"));

5. How to capture a screenshot?

page.screenshot(new Page.ScreenshotOptions().setPath(Paths.get("screenshot.png")));

🧪 TestNG + Playwright

6. How do you integrate Playwright with TestNG?

✅ Answer: Create a base class with setup/teardown methods using @BeforeClass, @AfterClass, and write test methods using @Test.

✅ Code Sample:

@BeforeClass
public void setup() {
    playwright = Playwright.create();
    browser = playwright.chromium().launch();
    page = browser.newPage();
}

@Test
public void testLogin() {
    page.navigate("https://example.com");
    page.fill("#username", "admin");
    page.fill("#password", "pass");
    page.click("#loginBtn");
}

7. How do you take a screenshot on failure in TestNG?

@AfterMethod
public void tearDown(ITestResult result) {
    if (ITestResult.FAILURE == result.getStatus()) {
        page.screenshot(new Page.ScreenshotOptions().setPath(Paths.get("screenshots/" + result.getName() + ".png")));
    }
}

🧾 Java + OOPs Interview Questions

8. Explain OOPs Concepts in Java (with real test example)?

✅ Answer:

Encapsulation: Page classes hold locators and actions.
Inheritance: BaseTest class is extended by test classes.
Polymorphism: Method overloading in utility classes.
Abstraction: Interface for Page layer.

9. What’s the difference between `ArrayList` and `LinkedList`?

✅ Answer:

ArrayList: Fast for retrieval, slower for inserts/removals
LinkedList: Faster for insertions/removals, slower for retrieval

10. What are checked vs unchecked exceptions?

✅ Answer:

Checked: Caught at compile time (IOException)
Unchecked: Runtime exceptions (NullPointerException)

🧠 BDD with Cucumber + Java + Playwright

11. How do you implement BDD in Java with Playwright?

✅ Answer:

Use Cucumber for BDD
Define .feature file
Use Step Definitions to map Gherkin steps to Playwright Java code

12. Sample Feature File

Feature: Login functionality

Scenario: Successful login
  Given I open the login page
  When I enter valid credentials
  Then I should see the homepage

13. Step Definition Example

@Given("I open the login page")
public void openLoginPage() {
    page.navigate("https://example.com/login");
}

14. How do you share Playwright context between steps?

✅ Answer: Use a TestContext or Hooks class to store and share browser/page instances.

⚙️ Real-World Scenarios

15. How do you handle pop-ups or alerts?

page.onDialog(dialog -> {
    System.out.println("Alert Text: " + dialog.message());
    dialog.accept();
});

16. How do you handle multiple windows or tabs?

Page newPage = context.waitForPage(() -> {
    page.click("#open-new-tab");
});
newPage.bringToFront();

17. How do you wait for an element in Playwright?

page.waitForSelector("#element-id", new Page.WaitForSelectorOptions().setTimeout(5000));

18. How do you verify an element is visible and enabled?

boolean isVisible = page.locator("#submit").isVisible();
boolean isEnabled = page.locator("#submit").isEnabled();

19. Playwright’s default timeout? Can it be changed?

✅ Default: 30 seconds
✅ Override:

page.setDefaultTimeout(10000); // 10 seconds

20. Playwright test best practices

Use Page Object Model
Isolate test data
Use assertions wisely
Capture screenshots on failure
Avoid hard waits, use Playwright's auto-waiting

21. Please provide all the possible methods for page.

Navigation & Page Control

navigate(): page.navigate("https://example.com");

reload(): page.reload();

goBack(): page.goBack();

goForward(): page.goForward();

title(): String title = page.title();

url(): String url = page.url();

Element Interaction

click(): page.click("#login");

fill(): page.fill("#username", "admin");

type(): page.type("#search", "Playwright");

press(): page.press("#input", "Enter");

check(): page.check("#accept");

uncheck(): page.uncheck("#accept");

selectOption(): page.selectOption("#country", "India");

dblclick(): page.dblclick(".item");

hover(): page.hover("#menu");

Locators

locator(): Locator button = page.locator("#submit");

getByText(): page.getByText("Login");

getByRole(): page.getByRole(AriaRole.BUTTON);

Assertions and State

Playwright Java - Page Methods Cheat Sheet

isVisible(): page.locator("#msg").isVisible();

isEnabled(): page.locator("#submit").isEnabled();

isChecked(): page.locator("#accept").isChecked();

textContent(): page.locator(".info").textContent();

innerText(): page.locator("#header").innerText();

inputValue(): page.locator("#email").inputValue();

Waits and Synchronization

waitForSelector(): page.waitForSelector("#done");

waitForTimeout(): page.waitForTimeout(3000);

waitForLoadState(): page.waitForLoadState(LoadState.NETWORKIDLE);

waitForURL(): page.waitForURL("**/dashboard");

Screenshots & PDF

screenshot(): page.screenshot(new Page.ScreenshotOptions().setPath(Paths.get("shot.png")));

pdf(): page.pdf(new Page.PdfOptions().setPath(Paths.get("page.pdf")));

Frames and Popups

frame(): Frame frame = page.frame("myFrame");

waitForPopup(): Page popup = page.waitForPopup(() -> page.click("#link"));

File Upload & Download

setInputFiles(): page.setInputFiles("#file", Paths.get("data.txt"));

waitForDownload(): Download download = page.waitForDownload(() -> { page.click("#download-btn"); });

download.saveAs(Paths.get("myfile.zip"));

Dialogs / Alerts

onDialog(): page.onDialog(dialog -> {

Playwright Java - Page Methods Cheat Sheet

System.out.println(dialog.message());

dialog.accept();

});

Others

evaluate(): page.evaluate("() => alert('Hi')");

addInitScript(): page.addInitScript("console.log('Script added')");

close(): page.close();

22. Parallel execution with Playwright with java.

1. TestNG Parallel Execution (Recommended)

Playwright + TestNG combo is super effective for parallel tests.

📌 Step-by-Step:

a. Update testng.xml to enable parallel test classes or methods:

xml
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name="Playwright Suite" parallel="classes" thread-count="3">
  <test name="Tests">
    <classes>
      <class name="tests.LoginTest"/>
      <class name="tests.SearchTest"/>
    </classes>
  </test>
</suite>

parallel="classes": Runs each class in a separate thread
parallel="methods": Runs each test method in a separate thread
thread-count: Number of threads to run in parallel

b. Make sure your browser context is thread-safe:

Use ThreadLocal or independent instances of Playwright, Browser, and Page in each test.

🔐 Example (Thread-safe setup):

java
public class BaseTest {
    protected ThreadLocal<Playwright> playwright = new ThreadLocal<>();
    protected ThreadLocal<Browser> browser = new ThreadLocal<>();
    protected ThreadLocal<Page> page = new ThreadLocal<>();

    @BeforeMethod
    public void setUp() {
        playwright.set(Playwright.create());
        browser.set(playwright.get().chromium().launch());
        page.set(browser.get().newPage());
    }

    @AfterMethod
    public void tearDown() {
        page.get().close();
        browser.get().close();
        playwright.get().close();
    }

    public Page getPage() {
        return page.get();
    }
}

Then in your test class, use:

java
@Test
public void testLogin() {
    Page page = getPage();
    page.navigate("https://example.com");
    page.fill("#username", "admin");
    page.click("#login");
}

✅ 2. Cucumber + TestNG Parallel Execution (Feature files in parallel)

Use the dataprovider + parallel option with Cucumber
Split scenarios across multiple threads

Want a full example with Cucumber + Playwright + TestNG parallel setup? Let me know!

✅ 3. Custom Java ExecutorService (Advanced)

You can manually create threads to execute different test classes or cases in parallel using Java’s ExecutorService.

22. Element locating techniques if you are using java and playwright.

Perfect — you're using Playwright with Java and want to know how to locate elements, including in complex scenarios like tables, nested elements, loops, and even Shadow DOM.

Let’s go step-by-step, from basic to advanced ⤵️

🔹 1. Basic Locators in Playwright Java

page.locator("#username").fill("admin");
page.locator(".btn-primary").click();
page.locator("input[name='email']").type("user@example.com");

✅ Supports CSS selectors, text selectors, and built-in queries.

🔹 2. Text Selectors

page.locator("text=Submit").click(); // Exact or partial match

🔹 3. Label Selectors

page.getByLabel("Email").fill("test@example.com");

🔹 4. Role Selectors (ARIA)

page.getByRole(AriaRole.BUTTON, new Page.GetByRoleOptions().setName("Login")).click();

🔹 5. Placeholder Selectors

page.getByPlaceholder("Enter your name").fill("John Doe");

🔹 6. Table Elements (Complex Table Lookups)

Assume this HTML:

<table>
  <tr>
    <td>Name</td>
    <td>Email</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>John</td>
    <td>john@example.com</td>
  </tr>
</table>

📌 Locate by Cell Text:

Locator row = page.locator("table tr", new Locator.LocatorOptions().setHasText("John"));
String email = row.locator("td:nth-child(2)").textContent();
System.out.println("Email: " + email);

🔹 7. Nested Element (DOM Tree Traversal)

<div class="card">
  <div class="header">User Info</div>
  <div class="content">
    <span>Name:</span>
    <span>John Doe</span>
  </div>
</div>

📌 Java Locator:

Locator card = page.locator(".card", new Locator.LocatorOptions().setHasText("User Info"));
String name = card.locator(".content span:nth-of-type(2)").textContent();
System.out.println("Name: " + name);

🔹 8. Loop Over Multiple Elements (List/Repeater)

<ul>
  <li class="user">Alice</li>
  <li class="user">Bob</li>
  <li class="user">Charlie</li>
</ul>

📌 Java Code:

Locator users = page.locator("li.user");
int count = users.count();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
  System.out.println("User: " + users.nth(i).textContent());
}

🔹 9. Shadow DOM Handling

<custom-element>
  #shadow-root
    <input id="shadow-input" />
</custom-element>

📌 Java Code:

Playwright handles shadow DOM automatically when using locator():

page.locator("custom-element >> shadow=#shadow-input").fill("Inside Shadow DOM");

✅ The >> shadow= syntax pierces the shadow root.

🔹 10. Advanced Nested Table with Actions

<table>
  <tr>
    <td>John</td>
    <td><button>Edit</button></td>
  </tr>
</table>

📌 Click the "Edit" button for "John"

Locator row = page.locator("tr", new Locator.LocatorOptions().setHasText("John"));
row.locator("button").click();

🔹 BONUS: Combine Multiple Conditions

// Find a visible input with class and placeholder
page.locator("input.visible-input[placeholder='Search']:not([disabled])").fill("Playwright");

⚙️ Tools to Help

Use npx playwright codegen (even with Java!) to get a head start on selectors.
Use page.locator("selector").highlight() during debugging (JS only — in Java you can debug with .screenshot() or log outputs).

23. Any difference when you define lcoator when you use playwright with java or playwright with typescript?

Great question! 💡
Yes, there are some differences in how you define and use locators in Playwright when using Java vs. TypeScript, but the core concepts remain the same.

✅ What's the Same?

Concept	Java	TypeScript
CSS selectors	✅ `page.locator("div.class")`	✅ `page.locator("div.class")`
Text selectors	✅ `text=Login`	✅ `text=Login`
Shadow DOM	✅ `>> shadow=` syntax	✅ `>> shadow=` syntax
Locator chaining	✅ `.locator(...).locator(...)`	✅ `.locator(...).locator(...)`
ARIA roles / semantic queries	✅ `getByRole(...)`	✅ `getByRole(...)`

The underlying selector engine and logic is the same.

🔀 What’s Different Between Java and TypeScript?

Here are the key differences 👇

1. Method Syntax / API Style

🔹 Java:

Locator button = page.getByRole(AriaRole.BUTTON, new Page.GetByRoleOptions().setName("Submit"));

🔹 TypeScript:

const button = page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Submit' });

✅ Same logic — Java is just more verbose due to types and method chaining.

2. Options & Locators

In Java, you explicitly create options classes like:

new Locator.LocatorOptions().setHasText("User")

In TypeScript, you just pass a JS object:
```
locator("tr", { hasText: "User" })
```

3. Asynchronous Handling

TypeScript is async — almost every Playwright action is awaited.
```
await page.click('text=Login');
```
Java is synchronous-like — most methods block until complete.
```
page.locator("text=Login").click();
```

But both do auto-waiting behind the scenes.

4. Code Completion & Language Features

TypeScript has more fluid intellisense for Playwright APIs.
Java needs more manual config (e.g., setting up Maven/Gradle and imports).
TypeScript can use playwright.config.ts to configure projects easily.

5. Test Runner Integration

Feature	TypeScript	Java
Built-in test runner	✅ `@playwright/test`	❌ (uses JUnit/TestNG manually)
Parallel testing	✅ native	✅ with test framework
Fixtures	✅ built-in	❌ (you create with setup/teardown)

🧪 Example Comparison: Fill Email Field

🟨 Java:

page.getByLabel("Email").fill("user@example.com");

🟦 TypeScript:

await page.getByLabel('Email').fill('user@example.com');

Same result — just different flavor.

🚀 Summary

Feature	Java	TypeScript
Verbose syntax	✅ Yes (OO-style)	❌ Shorter, cleaner
Async handling	Blocking (sync-like)	Async with `await`
Options/Configs	Needs classes	Just pass JS objects
Test runner	Use JUnit/TestNG manually	Built-in `@playwright/test` runner
Intellisense	IDE-dependent	Superb in VS Code

Friday, April 11, 2025

Questions: Playwright with java

🚀 Playwright + Java Automation – Interview Q&A

1. What is Playwright and how is it different from Selenium?

2. How do you launch a browser and open a page in Playwright Java?

3. How do you locate elements in Playwright Java?

4. How do you handle dropdowns in Playwright?

5. How to capture a screenshot?

🧪 TestNG + Playwright

6. How do you integrate Playwright with TestNG?

7. How do you take a screenshot on failure in TestNG?

🧾 Java + OOPs Interview Questions

8. Explain OOPs Concepts in Java (with real test example)?

9. What’s the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList?

10. What are checked vs unchecked exceptions?

🧠 BDD with Cucumber + Java + Playwright

11. How do you implement BDD in Java with Playwright?

12. Sample Feature File

13. Step Definition Example

14. How do you share Playwright context between steps?

⚙️ Real-World Scenarios

15. How do you handle pop-ups or alerts?

16. How do you handle multiple windows or tabs?

17. How do you wait for an element in Playwright?

18. How do you verify an element is visible and enabled?

19. Playwright’s default timeout? Can it be changed?

20. Playwright test best practices

21. Please provide all the possible methods for page.

22. Parallel execution with Playwright with java.

1. TestNG Parallel Execution (Recommended)

📌 Step-by-Step:

🔐 Example (Thread-safe setup):

✅ 2. Cucumber + TestNG Parallel Execution (Feature files in parallel)

✅ 3. Custom Java ExecutorService (Advanced)

22. Element locating techniques if you are using java and playwright.

🔹 1. Basic Locators in Playwright Java

🔹 2. Text Selectors

🔹 3. Label Selectors

🔹 4. Role Selectors (ARIA)

🔹 5. Placeholder Selectors

🔹 6. Table Elements (Complex Table Lookups)

📌 Locate by Cell Text:

🔹 7. Nested Element (DOM Tree Traversal)

📌 Java Locator:

🔹 8. Loop Over Multiple Elements (List/Repeater)

📌 Java Code:

🔹 9. Shadow DOM Handling

📌 Java Code:

🔹 10. Advanced Nested Table with Actions

📌 Click the "Edit" button for "John"

🔹 BONUS: Combine Multiple Conditions

⚙️ Tools to Help

23. Any difference when you define lcoator when you use playwright with java or playwright with typescript?

✅ What's the Same?

🔀 What’s Different Between Java and TypeScript?

1. Method Syntax / API Style

🔹 Java:

🔹 TypeScript:

2. Options & Locators

3. Asynchronous Handling

4. Code Completion & Language Features

5. Test Runner Integration

🧪 Example Comparison: Fill Email Field

🟨 Java:

🟦 TypeScript:

🚀 Summary

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9. What’s the difference between `ArrayList` and `LinkedList`?